Criterion B Details

# Default ecosystem code for template development.
# This line is replaced by build_ecosystem_pages.py for each ecosystem.
ecosystem_code = 'Herbazal Andino Humedo'

Import Python modules.

import os
import yaml
from pathlib import Path
from lonboard import Map
from rle.core import Ecosystems, criterion_b_status, rle_category
from rle.core.eoo import make_eoo
from rle.core.aoo import make_aoo_grid

Load the country config file.

project_root = os.environ.get('PIXI_PROJECT_ROOT', str(Path('..').resolve()))
config_path = Path(project_root) / 'config' / 'country_config.yaml'
with open(config_path) as f:
    config = yaml.safe_load(f)

# Ecosystem index (the COG pixel value for this ecosystem), looked up by code
# from the canonical index table. Absent if the index has not been built yet.
import csv
ecosystem_index = None
index_csv = Path(project_root) / 'config' / 'ecosystems' / 'index.csv'
if index_csv.exists():
    with open(index_csv) as f:
        for row in csv.DictReader(f):
            if row['code'] == ecosystem_code:
                ecosystem_index = int(row['index'])
                break

Load & Filter Ecosystem Data

Load data for all the ecosystems.

import sys
# Shared config helpers live in scripts/; make them importable from here.
sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(project_root) / 'scripts'))
from _config import ensure_vector_source

source = config['ecosystem_source']
# ecosystem_code_column is optional: fall back to the name column.
ecosystem_column = source.get('ecosystem_code_column') or source.get('ecosystem_name_column')
# Prefer the ecosystem-sorted `optimized_data` copy when configured, so that
# filtering to one ecosystem uses parquet predicate pushdown instead of loading
# the whole national map into memory. Falls back to `data`.
ecosystems = Ecosystems.from_file(
    ensure_vector_source(source.get('optimized_data') or source['data']),
    ecosystem_column=ecosystem_column,
    ecosystem_name_column=source.get('ecosystem_name_column'),
    functional_group_column=source.get('functional_group_column')
)

Filter by the Herbazal Andino Humedo and check the number of features.

ecosystem = ecosystems.filter(ecosystem_code)
has_data = ecosystem.size() > 0
print(f'{ecosystem.size() = }')
if not has_data:
    from IPython.display import Markdown, display
    display(Markdown(
        f'**No spatial data found for {ecosystem_code}.** '
        f'Criterion B calculations are skipped.'
    ))

ecosystem.size() = 1127

Extent of Occurrence (EOO) (subcriterion B1)

Extent of occurrence (EOO). The EOO of an ecosystem is the area (km2) of a minimum convex polygon – the smallest polygon in which no internal angle exceeds 180° that encompasses all known current spatial occurrences of the ecosystem type.

The minimum convex polygon (also known as a convex hull) must not exclude any areas, discontinuities or disjunctions, regardless of whether the ecosystem can occur in those areas or not. Regions such as oceans (for terrestrial ecosystems), land (for coastal or marine ecosystems), or areas outside the study area (such as in a different country) must remain included within the minimum convex polygon to ensure that this standardised method is comparable across ecosystem types. In addition, these features contribute to spreading risks across the distribution of the ecosystem by making different parts of its distribution more spatially independent.

Calculate EOO

Start by calculating the convex hull of the ecosystem’s distribution.

import geopandas as gpd

if has_data:
    ecosystem_geometry = ecosystem.geometry.union_all()
    gdf_ecosystem_polygons = gpd.GeoDataFrame(geometry=[ecosystem_geometry], crs=ecosystem.geometry.crs)
    hull = ecosystem_geometry.convex_hull
    gdf_hull = gpd.GeoDataFrame(geometry=[hull], crs=ecosystem.geometry.crs)

Display the ecosystem’s distribution and the convex hull.

from lonboard import Map, PolygonLayer
from rle.core.viz import smart_map

if has_data:
    eoo_hull = make_eoo(ecosystem).compute()
    display(smart_map([eoo_hull, ecosystem]))

/home/runner/work/rle-tyler-colombia/rle-tyler-colombia/.pixi/envs/default/lib/python3.11/site-packages/lonboard/_geoarrow/ops/reproject.py:116: UserWarning: Input being reprojected to EPSG:4326 CRS.
Lonboard is only able to render data in EPSG:4326 projection.
  warnings.warn(

if has_data:
    hull_ea = gdf_hull.to_crs("ESRI:54034")
    eoo = hull_ea.geometry.iloc[0].area / 1e6
    print(f'EOO is {eoo:.1f} km2')

EOO is 317383.4 km2

Then calculate the area of the convex hull polygon.

Direct calculation of EOO

EOO can also be calculated directly using …

if has_data:
    ecosystem.eoo

Verify that the area returned by calling make_eoo(ecosystem).compute().area_km2 is the same as the area of the convex hull polygon.

if has_data:
    assert ecosystem.eoo == eoo

Area of Occupancy (AOO) (subcriterion B2)

The protocol for this adjustment includes the following steps:

Intersect AOO grid with the ecosystem’s distribution map.

Calculate extent of the ecosystem type in each grid cell (area) and sum these areas to obtain the total ecosystem area (total area).

Arrange grid cells in ascending order based on their area (smaller first). Calculate accumulated sum of area per cell (cumulative area).

Calculate cumulative proportion by dividing cumulative area by total area (cumulative proportion takes values between 0 and 1)

Calculate AOO by counting the number of cells with a cumulative proportion greater than 0.01 (i.e. exclude cells that in combination account for up to 1% of the total mapped extent of the ecosystem type).

AOO Calculation Details

Intersect AOO grid and ecosystem map

Intersect AOO grid with the ecosystem’s distribution map

from pathlib import Path
from rle.core.aoo import make_aoo_grid_cached

if has_data:
    # Prefer a prebuilt grid cache (e.g. a gs:// URI) so the national AOO grid
    # is not recomputed during CI renders — computing it from the full national
    # ecosystem map peaks at many GB of RAM. Fall back to a local cache when no
    # prebuilt cache is configured. Build one with `pixi run build-caches`.
    cache_path = (
        source.get('aoo_grid_cache_url')
        or (Path(project_root) / '.cache' / 'aoo_grid.parquet')
    )
    aoo_grid = make_aoo_grid_cached(ecosystems, cache_path=cache_path)
    aoo_grid_filtered = aoo_grid.filter_by_ecosystem(ecosystem_code)

Visualize variations in the AOO grid.

from matplotlib.colors import LinearSegmentedColormap
from lonboard.colormap import apply_continuous_cmap
from rle.core.aoo import slugify_ecosystem_name

ecosystem_column = slugify_ecosystem_name(ecosystem_code)
if has_data:
    cmap = LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list("white_red", ["white", "red"])
    values = aoo_grid_filtered.grid_cells[ecosystem_column].values
    normalized = (values - values.min()) / (values.max() - values.min())
    colors = apply_continuous_cmap(normalized, cmap)
    display(smart_map([(aoo_grid_filtered, {"get_fill_color": colors}), ecosystem]))

Calculate grid cell area and total area

Calculate extent of the ecosystem type in each grid cell (area) and sum these areas to obtain the total ecosystem area (total area).

if has_data:
    keep = ['geometry', 'grid_col', 'grid_row', ecosystem_column]
    gdf = aoo_grid_filtered.grid_cells[keep]
    display(gdf)

	geometry	grid_col	grid_row	Herbazal_Andino_Humedo
0	POLYGON ((-77.97377 0.81396, -77.97377 0.90441...	-869	9	0.020699
1	POLYGON ((-77.97377 0.90441, -77.97377 0.99486...	-869	10	0.000084
2	POLYGON ((-77.88394 0.81396, -77.88394 0.90441...	-868	9	0.003292
3	POLYGON ((-77.88394 0.90441, -77.88394 0.99486...	-868	10	0.005498
4	POLYGON ((-77.88394 0.99486, -77.88394 1.08531...	-868	11	0.004718
...	...	...	...	...
429	POLYGON ((-72.04489 6.6162, -72.04489 6.70724,...	-803	73	0.003239
430	POLYGON ((-72.04489 6.70724, -72.04489 6.79829...	-803	74	0.003070
431	POLYGON ((-71.95505 6.43418, -71.95505 6.52518...	-802	71	0.008362
432	POLYGON ((-71.95505 6.52518, -71.95505 6.6162,...	-802	72	0.004547
433	POLYGON ((-71.95505 6.6162, -71.95505 6.70724,...	-802	73	0.015217

434 rows × 4 columns

The column Herbazal_Andino_Humedo contains the (fractional) area of the ecosystem in each grid cell.

Sum up the areas of each grid cell to get the total area.

if has_data:
    total_area = gdf[ecosystem_column].sum()
    display(total_area)

np.float64(10.614828540270025)

Calculate cumulative area

Arrange grid cells in ascending order based on their area (smaller first). Calculate accumulated sum of area per cell (cumulative area).

if has_data:
    gdf = gdf.sort_values(by=ecosystem_column)
    gdf["cumulative_area"] = gdf[ecosystem_column].cumsum()
    display(gdf)

	geometry	grid_col	grid_row	Herbazal_Andino_Humedo	cumulative_area
126	POLYGON ((-73.93135 4.25434, -73.93135 4.34503...	-824	47	0.000005	0.000005
270	POLYGON ((-73.03303 6.07032, -73.03303 6.16126...	-814	67	0.000013	0.000019
89	POLYGON ((-75.27882 5.07091, -75.27882 5.1617,...	-839	56	0.000017	0.000036
352	POLYGON ((-72.67371 5.61584, -72.67371 5.70671...	-810	62	0.000031	0.000067
245	POLYGON ((-73.2127 8.07488, -73.2127 8.16621, ...	-816	89	0.000064	0.000130
...	...	...	...	...	...
278	POLYGON ((-73.03303 7.89229, -73.03303 7.98358...	-814	87	0.212065	9.470487
180	POLYGON ((-73.57202 10.54861, -73.57202 10.640...	-820	116	0.227585	9.698072
199	POLYGON ((-73.48219 10.91663, -73.48219 11.008...	-819	120	0.293582	9.991655
219	POLYGON ((-73.39236 10.91663, -73.39236 11.008...	-818	120	0.293949	10.285604
233	POLYGON ((-73.30253 10.82458, -73.30253 10.916...	-817	119	0.329225	10.614829

434 rows × 5 columns

Calculate cumulative proportion

Calculate cumulative proportion by dividing cumulative area by total area (cumulative proportion takes values between 0 and 1)

if has_data:
    gdf["cumulative_proportion"] = gdf["cumulative_area"] / total_area
    display(gdf)

	geometry	grid_col	grid_row	Herbazal_Andino_Humedo	cumulative_area	cumulative_proportion
126	POLYGON ((-73.93135 4.25434, -73.93135 4.34503...	-824	47	0.000005	0.000005	5.010117e-07
270	POLYGON ((-73.03303 6.07032, -73.03303 6.16126...	-814	67	0.000013	0.000019	1.747091e-06
89	POLYGON ((-75.27882 5.07091, -75.27882 5.1617,...	-839	56	0.000017	0.000036	3.352006e-06
352	POLYGON ((-72.67371 5.61584, -72.67371 5.70671...	-810	62	0.000031	0.000067	6.267714e-06
245	POLYGON ((-73.2127 8.07488, -73.2127 8.16621, ...	-816	89	0.000064	0.000130	1.225399e-05
...	...	...	...	...	...	...
278	POLYGON ((-73.03303 7.89229, -73.03303 7.98358...	-814	87	0.212065	9.470487	8.921941e-01
180	POLYGON ((-73.57202 10.54861, -73.57202 10.640...	-820	116	0.227585	9.698072	9.136344e-01
199	POLYGON ((-73.48219 10.91663, -73.48219 11.008...	-819	120	0.293582	9.991655	9.412921e-01
219	POLYGON ((-73.39236 10.91663, -73.39236 11.008...	-818	120	0.293949	10.285604	9.689844e-01
233	POLYGON ((-73.30253 10.82458, -73.30253 10.916...	-817	119	0.329225	10.614829	1.000000e+00

434 rows × 6 columns

Count AOO cells

Calculate AOO by counting the number of cells with a cumulative proportion greater than 0.01 (i.e. exclude cells that in combination account for up to 1% of the total mapped extent of the ecosystem type).

if has_data:
    aoo = len(gdf[gdf["cumulative_proportion"] > 0.01])
    print(f'AOO is {aoo} cells')

AOO is 363 cells

AOO Calculation (direct call)

if has_data:
    aoo_count = ecosystem.aoo
    print(f'AOO: {aoo_count} grid cells')

AOO: 363 grid cells

Criterion B Summary

Criterion B status (spatial)

Least Concern (LC) — Herbazal Andino Humedo (Herbazal Andino Humedo), index 50

Status reflects the spatial thresholds for EOO (B1) and AOO (B2) only. A final listing under B1/B2 additionally requires at least one of: (a) an observed or inferred continuing decline; (b) threatening processes likely to cause continuing decline within 20 years; or (c) few threat-defined locations — none of which are derived from the spatial metrics.

Sub-criterion	Metric	Value	Category
B1	EOO	317383 km²	Least Concern (LC)
B2	AOO	363 cells	Least Concern (LC)
Overall B	—	—	Least Concern (LC)